Introduction to computer :)

WHAT IS COMPUTER ?

An electronic device that accept data (input), process input to useful information (process), according to a set of instructions, store the instructions and the results of processing (storage), and produce the information (output).

2 IMPORTANT ELEMENTS :

• Hardware

• Software

ARCHITECTURE & ORGANISATION

What is architecture ?

• those attributes visible to the programmer
• Instruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques.

What is organisation ?

• how features are implemented
• Control signals, interfaces, memory technology.

STRUCTURE & FUNCTION

structure :

• the way in which components relate to each other.
• top-level :

From the Top-Level Structure, a computer consists of four main structural components, which are:

1. Central processing unit (CPU) – referred as processor, perform data processing and control the operation of the computer
2. Main memory – stores data
3. I/O – move data between the computer and its external environment
4. System interconnection - provides communication among CPU, maim memory and I/O

• the CPU

CPU itself consists of several components such as:

1. registers – provides storage internal to the CPU
2. arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) – perform data processing function
3. control unit – control the operation of CPU
4. internal CPU interconnection – provides communication among ALU, registers and control unit

function :

• the operation of individual components as part of the structure.
• four basic functions performed by a computer system :

--> data processing

--> data storage (long term data storage function and short term data storage function)

--> data movement (movement between computer and peripheral known as input / output (I/O), movement over longer distances known as data communication)

--> control

CLASSES OF COMPUTERS :

• Desktop computer

• Server computer

• Embedded computer

COMPUTER TYPES :

~ microcomputer ~

~ workstation ~

~ mainframe ~

~ supercomputer ~

Posted by : SiTi FaIdZaH BiNtI AbDuL RaZak, B031310310